Compound magnet.



W. L. HANSEN.

COMPOUND MAGNET.

APPLICATION FILED NOV-19. 1911.

1,292,46Q Patented Jan. 28, 1919.

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W. L. HANSEN.

COMPOUND MAGNET.

APPLICATION FILED NOV-19,1917.

Patented Jan. 28, 1919.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2 gum/whoa 72 21 f/QRS'BIZ WILLIAM LESTER HANSEN, OFPRINCETON, INDIANA.

COMPOUND MAG-NET.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Jan. 28, 1919.

Application filed November 19, 1917. Serial No. 202,804.

invention such as will enable others skilled in the art to which itappertains, to make and use the same.

This invention relates to certain new and useful improvements inmagnets.

The primary object of the invention is to provide a magnet of maximumefficiency by providing a structure in which an electromagnet is coupledto a permanent magnet in such a manner as to act, when deenergized, as abridge bar or keeper for the permanent magnet and thus to form a closedmagnetic circuit; and, when energized, to work in combination with thepermanent magnet so that the total flux of the magnet structure is theflux of the electro-magnet added to that of the permanent magnet.

Another object of the invention is to provide a device of this characterwhich will be comparatively simple, strong, durable and inexpensive inconstruction, efficient and reliable in operation and well adapted tothe purpose for which it is designed.

lVith these and other objects in View, the invention consists of certainnovel features of construction, and the combination and arrangement ofparts as will be hereinafter fully described and claimed. I

In the accompanying drawings forming a part of the application:

Figure 1 is an elevation of one side of a magnet constructed inaccordance with this invention Fig. 2 is an elevation of the other sideof the magnet;

Fig. 3 is an edge view of the magnet;

' Fig. 4 is an end view of the same;

Fig. 5 is an elevation of one side of another form of magnet constructedin accordance with this invention;'

Fig. 6 is an end View of the modified form;

Fig. 7 is an edge view of the same; and

Fig. 8 is a detail sectional view taken on the plane indicated by theline 88 of Fig. 5.

In the embodiment illustrated in Figs. 1 to 4 of the drawings, thenumeral 1 designates a permanent U shaped magnet which is preferablyformed of a plurality of U shaped sections 2 arranged one within anotherand being spaced a short distance apart. The sections :2 are ofmagnetized hardened steel and are in effect individual permanent magnetsbut they act as one permanent magnet inasmuch as their like poles aredisposed adjacent one anotherand are coupled or connected together bymeans of soft iron pieces or bars 3 and bolts 4, the soft iron pieces orbars 3 extending transversely across the ends of the sections 2 withtheir ends projecting beyond the edges of the latter and provided withalined openings to receive said bolts 4. The outermost and innermostpieces or bars 3 contact with the outer sides of the outer and innersections 2, while the intermediate pieces or bars are disposed betweenthe adjacent sections 2.

The numeral 5 designates an electro-magnet, to the ends of the soft ironcore 6 of which are screwed or otherwise fastened, soft iron bars 7, thelatter having their free ends contacting with and connected to one ofthe projecting ends of the bars 3, preferably by means of the bolts awhich extend through these ends. The core 6 being thus connected to thepoles of the permanent magnet, it acts as a bridge bar or keeper for thesame and thus forms a closed magnet circuit by reason of which little orno free magnetism or magnetic attraction is manifested at the extremeends of the magnet 1.

/Vhen the device is to be used, an electric current is supplied to theelectro-magnet 5, the current being passed through said magnet 5 in theproper direction to cause itscore 6 to be magnetized and thus to formmagnetic poles at its end, these poles being of the same polarity as thepoles of the permanent magnet 1. Thus the electro-magnet 5, whenenergized, acts in combination with the permanent magnet 1 so that thetotal flux of the magnet structure is the flux of the electro magnetplus that of the permanent magnet. In other words, the balance of theclosed magnetic circuit is disturbed by the magnet 5, so that the core 6of thelatter no longer acts as a bridge bar or keeper, but acts asanother magnet, added to the permanent magnet. When the circuit throughthe magnet 5 is broken, the magnetic balance is restored, and the core 6again acts as a keeper.

In Figs. 5 to 8 of the drawings the same principle is shown worked in amagnet struc ture, to the permanent magnet 1' of which twoelectro-magnets 5 and 5 are connected. The ends of the sections 2 of themagnet 1 are clamped together by means of soft iron bars 3 and bolts 4.,and between the ends of these bars 3 are soft iron plates 7 which assistthe cores 6 and 6 of the magnets 5 and 5 in forming a closed magneticcircuit for the permanent magnet. The two magnets 5 and 5 are wound andconnected in such a way as to magnetize the ends of their cores 6 and 6to correspond to the polarity of the ends of the magnet 1. The n1odified form just described acts similar to the manner in which the firstform described acts, and hence repetition is unnecessary.

From the foregoing description, taken in connection with theaccompanying drawings, the construction, use and operation of theinvention will be readily understood without a more extendedexplanation.

As various changes in form, proportion, and in the minor details ofconstruction may he resorted to without departing from the spirit of theinvention, it is to be understood that I do not wish to be limited tothe construction herein shown and described other than as claimed.

I claim 1. A device of the character described comprising a U shapedpermanent magnet, soft iron bars, an electro-magnet, and meanscooperative with said soft iron bars for clamping the ends of saidpermanent magnet and securing said electro-magnet thereto.

2. A device of the class described comprising a U shaped permanentmagnet composed of a plurality of U shaped sections arranged one withinanother and spaced a short distance apart, soft iron bars extendingtransversely across the ends of said sections and having their endsprojecting beyond the side edges thereof, the outermost and innermostbars contacting with the outer Copies of this patent may be obtained forand inner sides of the outer and inner sections, and the intermediatebars being disposed between the adjacent sections to hold the latter intheir spaced relation, clamping bolts extending through the ends of saidbars, and an electro-magnet having its core connected to said bars toform a closed magnetic circuit for the permanent magnet whendeenergized, said electro-magnet when energized magnetizing the ends ofits core to correspond to the polarity of the adjacent ends of thepermanent magnet.

3. A device of the class described comprising a U shaped permanentmagnet composed of a plurality of U shaped sections arranged one withinanother and spaced a short distance apart, soft iron bars extend.

ing transversely across the ends of said sections and having their endsprojecting beyond the side edges thereof, the outermost and innermostbars contacting with the outer and inner sides of the outer and innersec- -tions, and the intermediate bars being dis posed between theadjacent sections to hold the latter in their spaced relation, clampingbolts extending through the ends of Said bars, additional bars disposedbetween one of the ends of the fixed mentioned bars, fastened to thesame and extending laterally therefrom, and an electro-magnet having itscore connected to the last mentioned bars to form a closed magneticcircuit for the permanent magnet when deenergized, said electro-magnetwhen energized magnetizing the ends of its core to correspond to thepolarity of the ends of the permanent magnet.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my hand in the presence of twosubscribing witnesses.

WILLIAM LESTER HANSEN.

Witnesses HENRY KIsTER, DORIS It. HEAD.

five cents each, by addressing the Commissioner of Patents,

Washington, I). 0.

